Form of Contractual Agreement
Abstract: In this paper author analyzes the normative complex of one of the most important institutes of contract law - form. That complex receives the fullness of importance primarily in the field of formal agreements. Namely, although the contemporary tendency in contract law that the form does not appear as a means of obstructing, mystification and complicating legal relations through the principle of summum ius summa iniuria, though more than ever, it can be talked about a kind of „renaissance“ of formalism. This particularly applies to those legal systems, including and the Republic of Srpska, where valid the exclusive form of public document for certain contracts (notarized documents). In them is superfluous discussion about possible convalidation of contracts through criteria of form`s purpose, since the goal of these forms is protection of public interests. In the legal system of the Republic of Serbia, the situation is, in this regard, quite different, bearing in mind the principle of competition form, since the requirement to respect the public notary forms, as the highest pillars of legal certainty, placed alternatively in line with the form made by court or other public authority.
Key words: contractual agreement, form, receipt, consensualism, formalism, convalidation
Forma obligacionih ugovora
Rezime: Autor u radu analizira normativni kompleks jednog od najznačajnijih instituta obligacionog ugovornog prava - formu. Taj kompleks dobija punoću značaja prevashodno na terenu formalnih ugovora. Naime, iako je savremena tendencija u ugovornom pravu da se forma ne pojavljuje kao sredstvo otežavanja, mistifikacije i komplikovanja pravnih odnosa kroz princip summum ius summa iniuria, ipak se više nego ikada može govoriti o svojevrsnoj „renesansi“ formalizma. To se naročito odnosi na one pravne sisteme, među kojima je i Republika Srpska, u kojima važi isključiva forma javne isprave za određene ugovore (tzv. notarski obrađena isprava). U takvim sistemima izlišna je rasprava o eventualnoj konvalidaciji ugovora putem kriterijuma cilja forme, budući da je svrha ove forme zaštita javnih interesa. U pravnom sistemu Republike Srbije, situacija je, u tom pogledu, znatno drugačija usled važećeg principa konkurencije formi, budući da je zahtev za poštovanjem javnobeležničke forme, kao najvišeg stuba pravne sigurnosti, postavljen alternativno, u ravni sa formom sačinjenom pred sudom ili drugim državnim organom.
Ključne reči: obligacioni ugovor, forma, priznanica, konsenzualizam, formalizam, konvalidacija