Ugovor o doživotnom izdržavanju kroz prizmu prevare u krivičnom i građanskom pravu
Abstract:The lifelong maintenance contract, in modern law, often encounters numerous con- demnations from individuals and society. Precisely because of the name itself, there is justified doubt about the actual motivation for its conclusion by the support provider. In addition to the reasons for the nullity of a contract such as failure to comply with the form, inadmissibility of the motive, defects of will, complete business incapacity, impossibility, inadmissibility, indeter- minacy /undeterminability of the subject of the obligation, the first suspicion of the nullity of this contract relates to the fraudulent manner in which it was concluded. The paper contains an analysis of lifetime support contracts in modern law through the prism of fraud in civil and criminal law. An analysis of the provisions of civil and criminal law concludes that the concept of fraud is broader in civil law than in criminal law. In accordance with the above, it follows that any contract that has the characteristics of a criminal offense of fraud also constitutes fraud, which is the reason for the nullity of the contract in civil law as well. On the other hand, any contract that is void due to fraud in civil law is not legally qualified as fraud in criminal law.
Key words: criminal offense of fraud, fraud in civil law, obligation-legal contract, lifetime main- tenance contract, nullity.
Rezime:Ugovor o doživotnom izdržavanju, u savremenom pravu, često nailazi na brojne osude pojedinaca i društva. Upravo zbog samog naziva, postavlja se opravdana sumnja u stvarnu pobudu njegova sklapanja od strane davaoca izdrža- vanja. Uz razloge ništavosti ugovora kao što su neispunjenje forme, nedopuštenost pobude, mane volja, potpuna poslovna nesposobnost, nemogućnost, nedopuštenost, neodređenost/ neodredivost predmeta obaveze, prva sumnja na ništavost ovog ugovora odnosi se na prevaran način njegova sklapanja. Rad sadrži analizu ugovora o doživotnom izdržavanju u savre- menom pravu kroz prizmu prevare u krivičnom i građanskom pravu. Analizom odredaba krivičnog i građanskog prava zaklju- čuje se da je pojam prevare širi u građanskom pravu u odnosu na krivično pravo. U skladu sa navedenim, proizilazi da svaki ugovor koji ima obeležja krivičnog dela prevare, predstavlja i prevaru koja je razlogom ništavosti ugovora i u građanskom pravu. S druge strane, svaki ugovor koji je zbog prevare ništav u građanskom pravu, nije pravno kvalifikovan kao prevara u kri- vičnom pravu.
Ključne riječi:krivično delo prevare, prevara u građanskom pra- vu, obligaciono-pravni ugovor, ugovor o doživotnom izdržava- nju.